Linux之netstat命令用法与介绍
Linux netstat 命令用于显示网络状态。
利用 netstat 指令可让你得知整个 Linux 系统的网络情况。
语法
netstat [-acCeFghilMnNoprstuvVwx][-A<网络类型>][--ip]
参数说明：
-a或--all 显示所有连线中的Socket。
-A<网络类型>或--<网络类型> 列出该网络类型连线中的相关地址。
-c或--continuous 持续列出网络状态。
-C或--cache 显示路由器配置的快取信息。
-e或--extend 显示网络其他相关信息。
-F或--fib 显示路由缓存。
-g或--groups 显示多重广播功能群组组员名单。
-h或--help 在线帮助。
-i或--interfaces 显示网络界面信息表单。
-l或--listening 显示监控中的服务器的Socket。
-M或--masquerade 显示伪装的网络连线。
-n或--numeric 直接使用IP地址，而不通过域名服务器。
-N或--netlink或--symbolic 显示网络硬件外围设备的符号连接名称。
-o或--timers 显示计时器。
-p或--programs 显示正在使用Socket的程序识别码和程序名称。
-r或--route 显示Routing Table。
-s或--statistics 显示网络工作信息统计表。
-t或--tcp 显示TCP传输协议的连线状况。
-u或--udp 显示UDP传输协议的连线状况。
-v或--verbose 显示指令执行过程。
-V或--version 显示版本信息。
-w或--raw 显示RAW传输协议的连线状况。
-x或--unix 此参数的效果和指定"-A unix"参数相同。
--ip或--inet 此参数的效果和指定"-A inet"参数相同。
实例
显示详细的网络状况
# netstat -a
显示当前户籍UDP连接状况
# netstat -nu
显示UDP端口号的使用情况
# netstat -apu Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name udp 0 0 *:32768 *:* - udp 0 0 *:nfs *:* - udp 0 0 *:641 *:* 3006/rpc.statd udp 0 0 192.168.0.3:netbios-ns *:* 3537/nmbd udp 0 0 *:netbios-ns *:* 3537/nmbd udp 0 0 192.168.0.3:netbios-dgm *:* 3537/nmbd udp 0 0 *:netbios-dgm *:* 3537/nmbd udp 0 0 *:tftp *:* 3346/xinetd udp 0 0 *:999 *:* 3366/rpc.rquotad udp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* 2986/portmap udp 0 0 *:ipp *:* 6938/cupsd udp 0 0 *:1022 *:* 3392/rpc.mountd udp 0 0 *:638 *:* 3006/rpc.statd
显示网卡列表
# netstat -i Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth0 1500 0 181864 0 0 0 141278 0 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 3362 0 0 0 3362 0 0 0 LRU
显示组播组的关系
# netstat -g IPv6/IPv4 Group Memberships Interface RefCnt Group --------------- ------ --------------------- lo 1 ALL-SYSTEMS.MCAST.NET eth0 1 ALL-SYSTEMS.MCAST.NET lo 1 ff02::1 eth0 1 ff02::1:ff0a:b0c eth0 1 ff02::1
显示网络统计信息
# netstat -s Ip: 184695 total packets received 0 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 184687 incoming packets delivered 143917 requests sent out 32 outgoing packets dropped 30 dropped because of missing route Icmp: 676 ICMP messages received 5 input ICMP message failed. ICMP input histogram: destination unreachable: 44 echo requests: 287 echo replies: 345 304 ICMP messages sent 0 ICMP messages failed ICMP output histogram: destination unreachable: 17 echo replies: 287 Tcp: 473 active connections openings 28 passive connection openings 4 failed connection attempts 11 connection resets received 1 connections established 178253 segments received 137936 segments send out 29 segments retransmited 0 bad segments received. 336 resets sent Udp: 5714 packets received 8 packets to unknown port received. 0 packet receive errors 5419 packets sent TcpExt: 1 resets received for embryonic SYN_RECV sockets ArpFilter: 0 12 TCP sockets finished time wait in fast timer 572 delayed acks sent 3 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket 13766 packets directly queued to recvmsg prequeue. 1101482 packets directly received from backlog 19599861 packets directly received from prequeue 46860 packets header predicted 14541 packets header predicted and directly queued to user TCPPureAcks: 12259 TCPHPAcks: 9119 TCPRenoRecovery: 0 TCPSackRecovery: 0 TCPSACKReneging: 0 TCPFACKReorder: 0 TCPSACKReorder: 0 TCPRenoReorder: 0 TCPTSReorder: 0 TCPFullUndo: 0 TCPPartialUndo: 0 TCPDSACKUndo: 0 TCPLossUndo: 0 TCPLoss: 0 TCPLostRetransmit: 0 TCPRenoFailures: 0 TCPSackFailures: 0 TCPLossFailures: 0 TCPFastRetrans: 0 TCPForwardRetrans: 0 TCPSlowStartRetrans: 0 TCPTimeouts: 29 TCPRenoRecoveryFail: 0 TCPSackRecoveryFail: 0 TCPSchedulerFailed: 0 TCPRcvCollapsed: 0 TCPDSACKOldSent: 0 TCPDSACKOfoSent: 0 TCPDSACKRecv: 0 TCPDSACKOfoRecv: 0 TCPAbortOnSyn: 0 TCPAbortOnData: 1 TCPAbortOnClose: 0 TCPAbortOnMemory: 0 TCPAbortOnTimeout: 3 TCPAbortOnLinger: 0 TCPAbortFailed: 3 TCPMemoryPressures: 0 显示监听的套接口 # netstat -l Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 *:32769 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:nfs *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:644 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:1002 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:netbios-ssn *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 vm-dev:ipp *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:telnet *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:601 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:microsoft-ds *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:http *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:ssh *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:https *:* LISTEN udp 0 0 *:32768 *:* udp 0 0 *:nfs *:* udp 0 0 *:641 *:* udp 0 0 192.168.0.3:netbios-ns *:* udp 0 0 *:netbios-ns *:* udp 0 0 192.168.0.3:netbios-dgm *:* udp 0 0 *:netbios-dgm *:* udp 0 0 *:tftp *:* udp 0 0 *:999 *:* udp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* udp 0 0 *:ipp *:* udp 0 0 *:1022 *:* udp 0 0 *:638 *:* Active UNIX domain sockets (only servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10621 @/tmp/fam-root- unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7096 /var/run/acpid.socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 9792 /tmp/.gdm_socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 9927 /tmp/.X11-unix/X0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10489 /tmp/ssh-lbUnUf4552/agent.4552 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10558 /tmp/ksocket-root/kdeinit__0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10560 /tmp/ksocket-root/kdeinit-:0 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10570 /tmp/.ICE-unix/dcop4664-1270815442 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10843 /tmp/.ICE-unix/4735 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10591 /tmp/ksocket-root/klauncherah3arc.slave-socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7763 /var/run/iiim/.iiimp-unix/9010 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11047 /tmp/orbit-root/linc-1291-0-1e92c8082411 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11053 /tmp/orbit-root/linc-128e-0-dc070659cbb3 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 8020 /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 58927 /tmp/mcop-root/vm-dev-2c28-4beba75f unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7860 /tmp/.font-unix/fs7100 unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7658 /dev/gpmctl unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 10498 @/tmp/dbus-s2MLJGO5Ci
